商業模式圖 

商業模式圖:9大商業模式構建模式的中文翻譯[1]

商業模式圖(英語:Business Model Canvas縮寫BMC),或稱商業模式九宮格,是用於描述企業組織開發新商業模式以及記錄現有商業模式的战略管理範本圖[2][3]。它提供了一個視覺圖表,其中包含描述公司或產品的價值主張英语Value proposition元素、基礎設施、客戶及財務[1],通過說明潛在的權衡,幫助企業調整其活動。被稱為商業模式圖的商業模式設計範本的9個構面最初是由亞歷山大·奧斯特瓦德英语Alexander Osterwalder在2005年提出的[4],基於在伊夫·皮尼厄英语Yves Pigneur之商業模式本體指導下工作[5]。自2008年左右奧斯特瓦德發佈的作品以來[6],他開發了一些相關工具,如價值主張圖和文化地圖[7],並且還出現了針對特定領域市場的新畫圖。

  1. ^ 1.0 1.1 Osterwalder, Alexander; Pigneur, Yves; Clark, Tim. Business Model Generation: A Handbook For Visionaries, Game Changers, and Challengers. Strategyzer series. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons. 2010. ISBN 9780470876411. OCLC 648031756.  With contributions from 470 practitioners from 45 countries.
  2. ^ Barquet, Ana Paula B., et al. "Business model elements for product-service system". Functional Thinking for Value Creation. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2011. 332–337: They stated that "The Canvas business model was applied and tested in many organizations (eg IBM and Ericsson), being successfully used to easily describe and manipulate business models to create new strategic alternatives."
  3. ^ De Reuver, Mark, Harry Bouwman, and Timber Haaker. "Business model roadmapping: A practical approach to come from an existing to a desired business model". International Journal of Innovation Management 17.01 (2013): They described the business model canvas as the "Most prominent... popular tool that makes it simple for practitioners to design business models in a creative session."
  4. ^ Osterwalder, Alexander. What is a business model?. business-model-design.blogspot.com. 2005-11-05 [2019-06-19]. (原始内容存档于2006-12-13). ... we could define a business model as a simplified description of how a company does business without having to go into the complex details of all its strategy, processes, units, rules, hierarchies, workflows, and systems. However, now that we know that the business model is a simplified representation of how we do business, we still have to decide which elements to describe. A synthesis of literature shows that there are mainly 9 building blocks to help us describe a business model ... 
  5. ^ Osterwalder, Alexander. The Business Model Ontology: A Proposition In A Design Science Approach (PDF) (学位论文). Lausanne: University of Lausanne. 2004 [2022-10-26]. OCLC 717647749. (原始内容 (PDF)存档于2011-05-11).  See also: Osterwalder, Alexander; Pigneur, Yves; Tucci, Christopher L. Clarifying business models: origins, present, and future of the concept. Communications of the Association for Information Systems. 2005, 16 (1): 1. doi:10.17705/1CAIS.01601可免费查阅. 
  6. ^ Osterwalder, Alexander. What is a business model?. business-model-design.blogspot.com. 2008-07-02 [2018-10-17]. (原始内容存档于2008-09-06). 
  7. ^ Carton, Guillaume. The Story Behind the Business Model Canvas. Entrepreneur & Innovation Exchange. 2021-08-02 [2022-10-26]. (原始内容存档于2022-10-09) (英语). 



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