^Lindqvist, Anna; Sendén, Marie Gustafsson; Renström, Emma A. What is gender, anyway: a review of the options for operationalising gender. Psychology & Sexuality. 2021-10-02, 12 (4): 332–344. S2CID 213397968. doi:10.1080/19419899.2020.1729844.
^National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. Bates, Nancy; Chin, Marshall; Becker, Tara , 编. Measuring Sex, Gender Identity, and Sexual Orientation. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. 2022. ISBN 978-0-309-27510-1. PMID 35286054. S2CID 247432505. doi:10.17226/26424.
^Kevin L. Nadal, The Sage Encyclopedia of Psychology and Gender (2017, ISBN1483384276), p. 401: "Most cultures currently construct their societies based on the understanding of gender binary—the two gender categorizations (male and female). Such societies divide their population based on biological sex assigned to individuals at birth to begin the process of gender socialization."
^O'Halloran, Kerry. Sexual orientation, gender identity and international human rights law: common law perspectives. London. 2020: 22–28, 328–329. ISBN 978-0-429-44265-0. OCLC 1110674742.