朝鲜战争 6·25전쟁(六二五戰爭) 한국전쟁(韓國戰爭) 조국해방전쟁(祖國解放戰爭) 조선전쟁(朝鮮戰爭) 항미원조전쟁 抗美援朝戰爭[註 26] Korean War | |||||||||
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冷戰和朝鲜半岛冲突的一部分 | |||||||||
由左至右,由上至下為:联合国军在仁川登陆;长津湖战役中撤退的美国海军陆战队;原州戰役的美國第2步兵師;雙隧道戰役的法國營坦克;砥平里戰役的美軍士兵;上甘岭战役的中國人民志願軍士兵。 | |||||||||
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参战方 | |||||||||
戰鬥援助 | |||||||||
指挥官与领导者 | |||||||||
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兵力 | |||||||||
巔峰兵力:
合计: 972,334 总计:1,780,000[19] |
合计: 1,642,000 / 1,742,000 总计:2,970,000[26] 72,000[25] | ||||||||
伤亡与损失 | |||||||||
死亡和失踪总数:170,927人死亡,32,585人失踪(韩国162,394人,美国36,574人,其他4,544人)
详情
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死亡和失踪总数:490,598-592,177(朝鲜316,000-417,579人,中國174,598人,蘇聯299人)
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朝鲜战争是朝鮮半島上的朝鮮民主主義人民共和國政权与大韓民國政权之间的战爭,中华人民共和国、苏联出兵支持朝鲜,而16国組成的联合国军(主要为美國)出兵支持韩国。在三八线发生冲突及南部发生四三事件等事态后,朝鮮人民軍于1950年6月25日跨越三八线南下入侵韩国,战争开始[54][55][56],联合国军與中国人民志愿军先後參戰,最终于1953年7月27日在板门店签署《朝鲜停战协定》,根据停战时实际控制线建立朝韩非军事区作為缓冲地带。朝鲜半岛南北双方仍有外交冲突和军事对峙,持续至今[註 32]。
朝鲜战争也影響中國地缘政治局势,形成台海兩岸对峙格局。停战逾25年、冷戰局势开始緩和后,联合国及大多数國家逐渐改变并同时承认朝鲜、韩国两个政权,而不介入双方的领土争端。有鉴于此,联合国于1991年同时接纳南北雙方各自加入并成为联合国会员国。朝鲜战争死亡人数约为300万,平民死亡比例高于第二次世界大战或越南战争,几乎摧毁了朝鲜半岛所有主要城市,平壤直接被炸为平地,双方进行了数千起大屠杀,韩国屠杀了数万名疑似共产党员,朝鲜也被指控以酷刑及强行劳改虐待战俘。
Host Nation - Republic of Korea
周琇環
的参考文献提供内容"Relations between Pakistan and the Republic of Korea (ROK) started during the Korean war, when Pakistan, being a very new country on the map of the Earth, assisted ROK with $378,000 and tons of wheat," Defense Attache Col. Naveed Ahmed Abbassi at the Embassy of Pakistan in Seoul said during a reception last week to celebrate the 54th Defense Day.
Instead, the Israeli government ultimately decided to send medical supplies and food items worth some $100,000.
Total Strength 602,902 troops
Republic of Korea – 590,911
Colombia – 1,068
United States – 302,483
Belgium – 900
United Kingdom – 14,198
South Africa – 826
Canada – 6,146
The Netherlands – 819
Turkey – 5,453
Luxembourg – 44
Australia – 2,282
Philippines – 1,496
New Zealand – 1,385
Thailand – 1,204
Ethiopia – 1,271
Greece – 1,263
France – 1,119
A peak strength of 14,198 British troops was reached in 1952, with over 40 total serving in Korea.
When war came to Korea in June 1950, Britain was second only to the United States in the contribution it made to the UN effort in Korea. 87,000 British troops took part in the Korean conflict, and over 1,000 British servicemen lost their lives[失效連結]
Other countries to furnish combat units, with their peak strength, were: Australia (2,282), Belgium/Luxembourg (944), Canada (6,146), Colombia (1,068), Ethiopia (1,271), France (1,119), Greece (1,263), Netherlands (819), New Zealand (1,389), Philippines (1,496), Republic of South Africa (826), Thailand (1,294), Turkey (5,455), and the United Kingdom (Great Britain 14,198).
Peak Canadian Army strength in Korea was 8,123 all ranks.
NKPA strength peaked in October 1952 at 266,600 men in eighteen divisions and six independent brigades.
Soviet involvement in the Korean War was on a large scale. During the war, 72,000 Soviet troops (among them 5,000 pilots) served along the Yalu River in Manchuria. At least 12 air divisions rotated through. A peak strength of 26,000 men was reached in 1952. .,
This series has records for 4,714 U.S. military officers and soldiers who were prisoners of war (POWs) during the Korean War and therefore considered casualties.
Philippines: KIA 92; WIA 299; MIA/POW 97
New Zealand: KIA 34; WIA 299; MIA/POW 1
徐焰介绍说,根据卫生勤务部门准确的阵亡统计和医院接收伤病员统计,志愿军在抗美援朝战争中的总损失数是:战斗和事故亡114084人;负伤383218人(因包含两次以上负伤而存在重复统计);患病后送入院治疗455199人(因包含多次住院同样存在重复统计);战场失踪25621人。此外,战争期间根据解放军后方卫生部门的统计,医院中的负伤人员有21679人不治身亡,还有13214人病死。
Various encyclopedias state that the countries involved in the three-year conflict suffered a total of more than 4 million casualties, of which at least 2 million were civilians—a higher percentage than in World War II or Vietnam. A total of 36,940 Americans lost their lives in the Korean theater; of these, 33,665 were killed in action, while 3,275 died there of non-hostile causes. Some 92,134 Americans were wounded in action, and decades later, 8,176 were still reported as missing. South Korea sustained 1,312,836 casualties, including 415,004 dead. Casualties among other UN allies totaled 16,532, including 3,094 dead. Estimated North Korean casualties numbered 2 million, including about one million civilians and 520,000 soldiers. An estimated 900,000 Chinese soldiers lost their lives in combat.
For the Korean War the only hard statistic is that of American military deaths, which included 33,629 battle deaths and 20,617 who died of other causes. The North Korean and Chinese Communists never published statistics of their casualties. The number of South Korean military deaths has been given as in excess of 400,000; the South Korean Ministry of Defense puts the number of killed and missing at 281,257. Estimates of communist troops killed are about one-half million. The total number of Korean civilians who died in the fighting, which left almost every major city in North and South Korea in ruins, has been estimated at between 2 and 3 million. This adds up to almost 1 million military deaths and a possible 2.5 million civilians who were killed or died as a result of this extremely destructive conflict. The proportion of civilians killed in the major wars of this century (and not only in the major ones) has thus risen steadily. It reached about 42 percent in World War II and may have gone as high as 70 percent in the Korean War. ... we find that the ratio of civilian to military deaths [in Vietnam] is not substantially different from that of World War II and is well below that of the Korean War.
取材自維基百科 - 中文時事百科