強姦與性別 

強姦與性別的關係是犯罪學上研究強姦的領域之一,即研究不同類型的強姦中,強姦者與受害者在性與性別英语Sex and gender distinction上的不同,其廣義範圍還包括研究性侵犯。多數的研究表示,強姦的犯罪者大多為男性,且遠遠高於女性;然而、美國聯邦調查局在2012年將強姦的定義擴大後,有越來越多的研究把焦點放在被強姦的男性與強姦男性的女性。

有記錄的性暴力數據遠比真實發生的性暴力還要少很多[1][2],因此計算出準確的強姦統計數據是很困難的。定罪率則因為犯罪者和受害者的性別而異,不少研究認為男性對男性、以及女性對女性的監獄強姦英语Prison rape十分普遍,且可能是最少被人所知的[3][4][5]。而當受害者的年紀低於最低合法性交年齡時所發生的強姦案也引發兒童性虐待法定強姦的問題。

  1. ^ The Secretary Generals database on violence against women. UN Secretary General's Database on Violence Against Women. 2009-07-24 [2013-02-03]. (原始内容存档于2014-02-01). 
  2. ^ A gap or a chasm? Attrition in reported rape cases (PDF). [2010-12-31]. (原始内容 (PDF)存档于2011-03-14). 
  3. ^ Human Rights WatchNo Escape: Male Rape In U.S. Prisons. Part VII. Anomaly or Epidemic: The Incidence of Prisoner-on-Prisoner Rape.页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆); estimates that 100,000–140,000 violent male-male rapes occur in U.S. prisons annually.
  4. ^ Robert W. Dumond, "Ignominious Victims: Effective Treatment of Male Sexual Assault in Prison," August 15, 1995, p. 2; states that "evidence suggests that [male-male sexual assault in prison] may a staggering problem"). Quoted in Mariner, Joanne; (Organization), Human Rights Watch. No escape: male rape in U.S. prisons. Human Rights Watch. 2001-04-17: 370 [7 June 2010]. ISBN 978-1-56432-258-6. 
  5. ^ Struckman-Johnson, Cindy; Struckman-Johnson, David. A Comparison of Sexual Coercion Experiences Reported by Men and Women in Prison. Journal of Interpersonal Violence. 2006, 21 (12): 1591–1615. ISSN 0886-2605. PMID 17065656. doi:10.1177/0886260506294240. ; reports that "Greater percentages of men (70%) than women (29%) reported that their incident resulted in oral, vaginal, or anal sex. More men (54%) than women (28%) reported an incident that was classified as rape."



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